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Yeh scan kya hai aur kyun kiya jata hai
MAG3 aik tracer hai jise gurde jaldi chhante hain aur bladder mein bhej dete hain. Scan dikhata hai ke har gurda kitna kaam kar raha hai aur peshab achi tarah nikal raha hai ya nahi. Yeh tab istemal hota hai jab rukawat ka shak ho, jaise gurde se nikalne wale raaste mein rukawat.
DMSA aik tracer hai jo tandrust gurde ke tissue se chipak jata hai. Scan un jagahon ko dikhata hai jo nuqsan zada ya daag wali hain. Yeh aksar bachon mein gurdon ke infection ke baad, aur kuch reflux ke kesson mein gurdon ko dekhne ke liye kiya jata hai.
Dono scans aksar ek saath kiye jate hain, aur team batayegi ke aap ko kaunse chahiye.
Scan se pehle
- Mamool ke mutabiq pani piyein, jab tak team is ko badalne ko na kahe.
- Kuch MAG3 scans mein team nas ke zariye scan ke dauran ek fluid-clearing dawa (diuretic) de sakti hai. Agar dil ya gurdon ka masla ho to pehle batayein.
- Scan se just pehle peshab karein, jab aap se kaha jaye.
- Team ko batayein agar aap haamla ho sakti hain ya doodh pila rahi hain, taake woh waqt aur doodh pilane ke baare mein mashwara de sake.
- Apne taur par koi dawa band na karein.
- Bachon ke liye, aam tor par ek waalid bachay ke saath reh sakta hai aur use saken se letne mein madad kar sakta hai.
Scan ke dauran
Nas mein aik chhoti nali (cannula) lagayi jati hai aur tracer dakhil kiya jata hai. Aap mez par saken se letey hain aur aik sapat sir wala camera aap ki peeth par harkat karta hai. Scan mein dard nahi hota.
MAG3 hissa thodi der ke liye dekhta hai ke tracer gurdon mein kaise harkat karta hai. Agar fluid-clearing dawa di jati hai to dawa ke baad camera dobara dekhta hai. DMSA hissa kuch ghanton baad kiya jata hai, jab tracer gurde ke tissue mein baith jata hai. Team din ka programme batayegi.
Scan ke baad
- Din ke baqi hisse mein zyada pani piyein aur baar baar peshab karein, jaisa team batayegi. Isse tracer nikalta hai.
- Agar team ne kaha ho to chhote bachon aur hamila khawateen se din bhar qareebi rabta kam rakhein.
- Aam tor par aap ghar ja kar mamool ke kaam kar sakte hain.
- Nateeje aam tor par chand dinon mein specialist parhta hai aur aap ke urologist tak pohanchte hain.
Mumkin khatre
Radiation ki miqdar kam hai, aur kisi rukawat ya daag ko dhoondne ka faida aam tor par chhote khatre se zyada hota hai. Tracer se allergy bohat kam hoti hai.
Nali lagne ki jagah par chota neel pad sakta hai. Fluid-clearing dawa se peshab ki fori hajat ho sakti hai, aur kabhi chakar bhi aa sakta hai, is liye scan ke dauran theek na lagay to team ko batayein.
Aap ke nateeje
MAG3 report batati hai ke har gurda kitna kaam kar raha hai aur us se peshab kitni achi tarah nikalta hai. DMSA report batati hai ke gurde ke tissue mein koi nuqsan ya daag hai ya nahi.
Daag woh nuqsan hai jo theek nahi hota. Hamesha iska matlab yeh nahi ke gurda fail ho raha hai, aur yeh purane infection se bhi ho sakta hai. Aap ka urologist batayega ke iska aap ke liye kya matlab hai, aur agar kuch karna zaroori ho to kya. Report apne urologist ko dikhayein.
Fauran madad kab lein
Gurdon ka scan emergency test nahi hai. Agar yeh hon to fauran madad lein:
- Jild par phailne wale daane, chehre ya honton mein sujan, ya saans lene mein dikkat. Fauran qareebi emergency department jayein.
- Chakar ya behoshi, khaas tor par fluid-clearing dawa ke baad.
- Kamar ke neeche shadeed dard, bukhar aur kaampna, jo gurde ke infection ki nishani ho sakti hai (dekhein kamar ya gurde ke dard wali guide).
- Peshab bilkul nahi ho raha.
Agar shak ho to qareebi emergency department jayein aur test ka khat dikhayein.
Aam sawalaat
Kya bachon ke liye gurdon ka scan mehfooz hai?
Haan. Dose kam hai, aur team yeh scan tab tajweez karti hai jab faida wazeh ho. Agar koi fikr ho to team se poochhein.
Bachay ko peshab ke infection ke baad DMSA scan kyun chahiye?
DMSA scan dekhta hai ke infection se daag to nahi paday. Daag lambay arsay ke gurdon ki sehat ke liye ahem hai, is liye jaan'na madadgar hai.
Kya scan se pehle dawaen band karni hongi?
Nahi. Apne taur par koi dawa band na karein. Team ko batayein ke aap kya lete hain.
Kya yeh CT scan jaisa hai?
Nahi. CT scan X-ray se gurdon ki shakl aur banawat dikhata hai. Gurdon ka scan tracer se dikhata hai ke gurde kaise kaam karte hain aur daag kahan hain.
Kya gurdon ka scan pathri dikhata hai?
Aam tor par nahi. Pathri ultrasound, CT scan ya KUB X-ray mein behtar nazar aati hai.
Kya scan ke baad doodh pila sakti hoon?
Team mashwara degi. Aam tor par thora waqfa hota hai, aur team batayegi ke kitna.
Kya yeh scan Pakistan mein dastyab hai?
Haan, kuch bade hospitals mein jahan nuclear medicine department hai. Dastyabi aur kharcha mukhtalif hota hai, is liye urologist se poochhein ke woh kis markaz ko istemal karte hain.
What it is and why it is done
MAG3 is a tracer that the kidneys filter quickly and pass into the bladder. The scan shows how much each kidney is working and whether urine drains well. It is used when there may be a blockage, such as a blocked outflow from the kidney.
DMSA is a tracer that sticks to healthy kidney tissue. The scan shows areas that have been damaged or scarred. It is often used in children after a kidney infection, and to check the kidneys in some cases of reflux.
The two scans are often done together, and the team will tell you which ones you need.
Before the scan
- Drink as you normally would, unless your team asks you to change this.
- For some MAG3 scans, the team may give you a fluid-clearing medicine (a diuretic) through the vein during the scan. Tell them if you have heart or kidney problems first.
- Empty your bladder just before the scan, when you are asked.
- Tell the team if you may be pregnant or are breastfeeding, so they can advise you on timing and on feeding afterwards.
- Do not stop any medicine on your own.
- For children, a parent can usually stay with the child and help them lie still.
During the scan
A small tube (cannula) is placed in a vein in your arm, and the tracer is injected. You lie still on a table while a camera with a flat head moves over your back. The scan is painless.
The MAG3 part records how the tracer moves through the kidneys over a short period. If a fluid-clearing medicine is used, the camera records again after it has been given. The DMSA part is done a few hours later, when the tracer has settled in the kidney tissue. Your team will tell you how to plan the day.
After the scan
- Drink plenty of fluids and pass urine often for the rest of the day, as your team advises. This helps clear the tracer.
- If your team has advised it, keep close contact with small children and pregnant women to a minimum for the rest of the day.
- You can usually go home and carry on as normal.
- Results are read by a specialist and sent to your urologist, usually within a few days.
Possible risks
The radiation dose is low, and the benefit of finding a blockage or scarring usually outweighs the small risk. Allergic reactions to the tracer are rare.
The cannula can cause a small bruise. The fluid-clearing medicine can make you need to pass urine urgently, and occasionally cause dizziness, so tell the team if you feel unwell during the scan.
Your results
The MAG3 report describes how much each kidney is working and how well urine drains from it. The DMSA report describes whether there are any areas of damage or scarring in the kidney tissue.
A scar is damage that does not heal. It does not always mean the kidney is failing, and it may come from an old infection. Your urologist will explain whether it matters for you and what, if anything, needs to happen next. Please take the report to your urologist.
When to seek urgent help
A kidney scan is not an emergency test. Please seek urgent help if any of these happen:
- A rash that spreads, swelling of the face or lips, or difficulty breathing. Go to the nearest emergency department at once.
- Fainting or dizziness, especially after a fluid-clearing medicine.
- Severe loin pain with fever and shivering, which can mean a kidney infection (see the flank or kidney pain guide).
- You cannot pass urine at all.
If you are in any doubt, go to the nearest emergency department and show them your test letter.
Common questions
Is a kidney scan safe for children?
Yes. The dose is low, and the team only recommends the scan when the benefit is clear. Ask your team if you have any worry.
Why does my child need a DMSA scan after a urine infection?
The DMSA scan checks whether the infection has caused scarring. Scarring matters for long-term kidney health, so it helps to know.
Do I need to stop my medicines before the scan?
No. Please do not stop any medicine on your own. Tell the team what you take.
Is this the same as a CT scan?
No. A CT scan shows the shape and structure of the kidneys using X-rays. The kidney scan shows how the kidneys work and where scarring is, using a tracer.
Does a kidney scan show stones?
Not usually. Stones are better seen on an ultrasound scan, a CT scan or a KUB X-ray.
Can I breastfeed after the scan?
Your team will advise you. Usually there is a short pause, and they will tell you how long.
Is this scan available in Pakistan?
Yes, in some larger hospitals with nuclear medicine departments. Availability and cost vary, so ask your urologist which centre they use.