PSA blood testPSA ka khoon ka test

Yeh test kya hai aur kyun kiya jata hai

PSA ka matlab prostate-specific antigen hai. Yeh sirf prostate banati hai, aur is ki thori miqdar aam tor par khoon mein jati hai. Test naapta hai ke khoon mein kitni hai. Prostate ke kai masail mein, sirf cancer mein nahi, yeh satah barh sakti hai.

Doctor yeh test is liye istemal karte hain ke peshab ki alamaat ya khandan mein prostate cancer rakhne wale mard mein prostate ko qareeb se dekhna chahiye ya nahi, un mardon ke liye jo khud check karwana chahte hain, aur un mardon ki nigrani ke liye jin ko prostate cancer ho ya jin ka ilaaj ho chuka ho.

PSA ka test mukammal test nahi. Yeh cancer ke baghair bhi barh sakta hai, aur kuch mardon mein jin ko cancer hai woh normal bhi ho sakta hai. Yeh maloomat ka aik hissa hai, jise aap ki alamaat, muaine aur kabhi scan ke saath parha jata hai.

Test se pehle

• Pehle baat karein, phir test. PSA test se pehle apne doctor se baat karna madadgar hai ke test kya kar sakta hai aur kya nahi. Yeh cancer ko jaldi pakad sakta hai. Yeh jhootay khatray ki ghanti bhi baja sakta hai, mazeed tests tak le ja sakta hai, aur kabhi aise aahista cancer ko dhoondta hai jo aap ko kabhi nuqsan na pohanchata. Aap ki umar, sehat, khandan ki tareekh aur aap ki khwahish sab ahem hain.
• Poochh lein ke test se pehle kis se parhez karna hai. Ejaculation, zor ki cycling ya sawari, peshab ya prostate ka haal ka infection, haal ka catheter, aur prostate ka haal ka muaina ya procedure kuch der ke liye satah barha sakte hain. Aap ka doctor ya lab batayega ke kis se aur kitni der parhez karna hai.
• Apni dawaon ke baare mein doctor ko batayein. Barhi hui prostate ki kuch dawayein PSA ki reading ghata deti hain. Meherbani karke apne taur par koi dawa band na karein.
• Aam tor par khaali pait ki zaroorat nahi. Aap ki lab jo hidayaat de un par amal karein.
• Apne purane PSA ke nateeje sambhal kar rakhein. Waqt ke saath tabdeeli aksar aik nambar se zyada batati hai.

Test ke dauran

Yeh aam khoon ka test hai. Aap ke bazu ki rag se thora sa khoon liya jata hai, jis mein chand second lagte hain. Khoon laboratory bheja jata hai. Agar dobara test ki zaroorat ho to usi laboratory ka istemal behtar hai, kyunke mukhtalif laboratories ke nambar thore mukhtalif ho sakte hain.

Test ke baad

• Aap foran aam tarah apna kaam kar sakte hain.
• Jahan sui lagi wahan thora neel pad sakta hai.
• Poochh lein ke nateeja kab aur kaise milega, aur kaun use samjhayega.

Mumkina khatrat

Khoon ka test khud bohat mehfooz hai. Neel parna aam hai, aur chakkar kha kar girna bohat kam hota hai.

Bare khatrat nateeje se aate hain. Barha hua nateeja fikar paida kar sakta hai aur mazeed tests, aur kabhi biopsy tak le ja sakta hai, chahe cancer na ho. Normal nateeja cancer ko mukammal tor par radd nahi karta. Isi liye hum test se pehle baat karte hain, aur isi liye nateeja aise doctor ko parhna chahiye jo aap ko jaanta ho.

Aap ke nateeje

Nambar parhna

Aap ka nateeja aik nambar ki shakal mein aata hai. Kya barha hua hai, yeh aap ki umar, prostate ke saiz aur laboratory par munhasir hai, is liye meherbani karke sirf nambar se faisla na karein. Aap ka urologist batayega ke aap ke nateeje ka kya matlab hai. Bohat si laboratories “free PSA” bhi batati hain. Kul PSA mukhya nambar hai, aur free PSA kabhi isay parhne mein madad ke liye shamil hota hai.

PSA barhne ki wajohat

• Barhi hui prostate (dekhein enlarged prostate guide). Yeh sab se aam wajah hai, aur yeh cancer nahi.
• Prostate ya peshab ka infection. Infection ke ilaaj ke baad satah aksar theek ho jati hai.
• Haal ka catheter ya prostate procedure.
• Test se pehle ejaculation ya zor ki cycling.
• Prostate cancer (dekhein prostate cancer guide).

Barhe hue nateeje ke baad kya hota hai

Aik barha hua nateeja shayad hi kahani ka aakhir hota hai. Aap ka doctor infection ke ilaaj ke baad ya thori der baad test dohra sakta hai, aap ki alamaat poochh kar muaina kar sakta hai, aur phir agla qadam tay karta hai. Agar satah barhi rahe to aap ko urologist ke paas bheja ja sakta hai, aur aam tor par agle tests prostate ka MRI scan aur kabhi biopsy hote hain. Biopsy hi yeh yaqeeni tor par batati hai ke cancer hai ya nahi.

Normal PSA ka matlab yeh nahi ke aap alamaat nazar andaaz kar sakte hain. Agar aap ko peshab mein dushwari, peshab mein khoon ya doosri alamaat hon to PSA normal hone par bhi urologist se milein.

Aam sawalaat

What it is and why it is done

PSA stands for prostate-specific antigen. It is made only by the prostate, and a small amount normally passes into the blood. The test measures how much is there. The level can rise with several prostate problems, not only cancer.

Doctors use the test to help decide whether the prostate needs a closer look in a man with urinary symptoms or a family history of prostate cancer, in men who ask to be checked, and to follow men who are being watched or have been treated for prostate cancer.

The PSA test is not a perfect test. It can be raised when there is no cancer, and it can be normal in some men who have a cancer. It is one piece of information, to be read together with your symptoms, your examination and sometimes a scan.

Before the test

• Talk first, then test. Before a PSA test, it helps to talk with your doctor about what the test can and cannot do. It may find a cancer early. It may also raise a false alarm, lead to more tests, and sometimes find a slow cancer that would never have caused you harm. Your age, your health, your family history and your wishes all matter.
• Ask what to avoid before the test. Ejaculation, hard cycling or riding, a recent urine or prostate infection, a recent catheter, and a recent prostate examination or procedure can all raise the level for a while. Your doctor or lab will tell you what to avoid and for how long.
• Tell your doctor about your medicines. Some medicines for an enlarged prostate lower the PSA reading. Please do not stop any medicine on your own.
• Fasting is not usually needed. Follow any instructions your lab gives you.
• Keep your old PSA results. A change over time often tells more than a single number.

During the test

It is an ordinary blood test. A small amount of blood is taken from a vein in your arm, which takes a few seconds. The blood is sent to the laboratory. If you need repeat tests, using the same laboratory helps, because different laboratories can give slightly different numbers.

After the test

• You can carry on as usual straight away.
• You may have a small bruise where the needle went in.
• Ask when and how you will get the result, and who will explain it.

Possible risks

The blood test itself is very safe. A bruise is common, and fainting is rare.

The bigger risks come from the result. A raised result can cause worry and lead to more tests, and sometimes to a biopsy, even when there is no cancer. A normal result does not completely rule out a cancer. This is why we talk before testing, and why the result should be read by a doctor who knows you.

Your results

Reading the number

Your result is reported as a number. What counts as raised depends on your age, the size of your prostate and the laboratory, so please do not judge it by the number alone. Your urologist will explain what your result means. Many laboratories also report a “free PSA”. The total PSA is the main number, and the free PSA is sometimes added to help to read it.

Reasons for a raised PSA

• An enlarged prostate (see the enlarged prostate guide). This is the most common reason, and it is not cancer.
• An infection of the prostate or the urine. The level often settles after the infection is treated.
• A recent catheter or prostate procedure.
• Ejaculation or hard cycling before the test.
• Prostate cancer (see the prostate cancer guide).

What happens after a raised result

A single raised result is rarely the end of the story. Your doctor may repeat the test after an infection has been treated or after a short wait, ask about your symptoms and examine you, and then decide on the next step. If the level stays raised, you may be referred to a urologist, and the usual next tests are an MRI scan of the prostate and sometimes a biopsy. A biopsy is the only way to be sure whether there is a cancer.

A normal PSA does not mean you can ignore symptoms. If you have trouble passing urine, blood in the urine or other symptoms, see a urologist even if your PSA is normal.

Common questions