On this pageIs safhay par
Yeh alamat kya hai
Doctor aam tor par hamal mein mushkil tab kehte hain jab aik jora taqreeban aik saal tak baqaida jima kare, bina ehtiyat ke, aur hamal na ho. Kuch joron ko jaldi dikhana chahiye, maslan jab khatoon ki umar zyada ho, ya jab dono mein se kisi ko pehle se koi masla maloom ho.
Bohat se gharanon mein aurat ko ilzaam diya jata hai, aur mard ki jaanch kabhi nahi hoti. Yeh ghalat hai. Joron ke bohat se hissay mein mard ka bhi hissa hota hai, aur aik saada test isay dikha sakta hai. Yeh guide aap dono ke liye hai.
Aam wajohat
Mard mein
- Sperm ki kam miqdar, kamzor harkat ya ghair-mamooli shakal. Is ke peechay bohat si wajohat hain, aur kuch mardon mein koi nahi milti.
- Varicocele, jo testicle ke ird gird nason ki soojan hai (dekhein varicocele guide).
- Bachpan mein neeche na aayi hui testicle, chot, ya pehle ka mumps jis ne testicles ko mutasir kiya (dekhein undescended testis guide).
- Infection, jis mein jinsi taluq se lagne wale infection, ya prostate ya testicle ki nali ka infection shamil hain.
- Rukawat sperm le jane wali nalion mein, jis se semen mein koi sperm nahi aata.
- Hormone ke masail, ya paidaishi taur par maujood halaat.
- Erection ya ejaculation ki mushkil, jo sperm ko aurat tak pohanchne se rok sakti hai (dekhein erection ki mushkil ki guide).
- Tarz-e-zindagi, jis mein tambaku, zyada sharab, nasheelay cheezein, mota pan, testicles par lambi garmi, aur kuch dawaiyan ya gym ke liye steroid cheezein shamil hain. Meherbani karke yeh doctor ke mashwaray ke baghair istemal na karein.
- Ilaaj jaise chemotherapy ya radiotherapy, jo sperm ko mutasir kar sakta hai.
Aurat mein
- Be-qaida ya band hone wali mahwari, ya har mahine anda na nikalna, jo polycystic ovaries, thyroid ya doosre hormone ke masail se juda ho sakta hai.
- Band ya kharab nalian, kabhi infection, pehle operation ya endometriosis ke baad.
- Rahm ke masail, maslan fibroids ya zakhm.
- Umar. Umar ke saath andon ki tadaad aur maiyar kam hota hai, isi liye zyada umar ki khawateen ke liye jald jaanch ka mashwara diya jata hai.
Kuch joron mein kuch nahi milta, aur isay wajah na milna kehte hain. Is ka matlab yeh nahi ke umeed nahi.
Jaanch aam tor par kaise hoti hai
Dono saathiyon se poochha jata hai ke kitni der se koshish ki, mahwari, jinsi zindagi, pehli bimari, operation, dawaiyan aur tarz-e-zindagi ke bare mein. Mard ka muaina hota hai, jis mein scrotum aur testicles shamil hain. Aam tests yeh hain:
- Semen analysis, sperm ki tadaad, harkat aur shakal dekhne ke liye (guide jald aa rahi hai). Is ke liye laboratory ka theek sample chahiye, jo kuch din jima na karne ke baad liya jata hai, aur aksar dohraya jata hai.
- Scrotum ka ultrasound, varicocele ya doosri tabdeeliyan dekhne ke liye.
- Hormone ke khoon ke tests mard ke liye, aur aurat ke liye, anda nikalne aur doosri wajohat dekhne ke liye.
- Rahm aur ovaries ka ultrasound, aurat ke liye.
- Nalion ka test, aurat ke liye, agar doosre tests normal hon.
- Infection ke tests, agar shak ho.
- Genetic tests, kuch mardon mein jin mein sperm bohat kam ya bilkul na hon.
Semen ka normal result aurat ki jaanch ki zaroorat khatam nahi karta, aur ulta bhi sach hai. Meherbani karke ho sake to aik saath aayein, kyunke akela aik result jawab nahi deta.
Fauran madad kab lein
Bachay ke hone mein mushkil kam hi emergency hoti hai. Lekin agar in mein se koi bhi ho to meherbani karke usi din doctor ko dikhayein, ya emergency department jayein:
- Kisi testicle mein achanak shadeed dard (dekhein scrotum mein dard ya soojan ki guide).
- Neechle pait mein shadeed dard, zyada khoon behna, behoshi ya kandhay ki nok mein dard aise aurat mein jo hamila ho sakti ho. Yeh rahm se bahar hamal ho sakta hai.
- Bukhar ya kapkapi pelvis, scrotum ke peechay, ya neechle pait mein dard ke saath.
- Testicle mein sakht gaanth (dekhein testicle mein gaanth guide). Isay jald urologist ko dikhana chahiye, emergency ki zaroorat tab tak nahi jab tak shadeed dard na ho.
- Khud ko nuqsan pohanchane ke khayalat, ya na-umeedi. Bohat se jore is se toot jate hain, aur madad mojood hai. Meherbani karke fauran kisi bharosemand ko batayein.
In mein se kisi ke baghair hospital bhaagne ki zaroorat nahi, lekin meherbani karke intezar na karein. Agar aap ne taqreeban aik saal koshish ki hai, ya jaldi agar aurat ki umar zyada ho ya dono mein se kisi ko pehle se masla ho, to dono saathiyon ki jaanch karwayein.
Ab kya karein
- Aik saath jayein, agar ho sake. Dono saathiyon ki jaanch honi chahiye, aur is se waqt aur mahinon ka intezar bachta hai.
- Aik doosre ko ilzaam na dein, aur khandan walon ko bhi na dene dein. Bohat si wajohat mard, aurat ya dono mein milti hain, aur bohat si qabil-e-ilaaj hain.
- Mard: doctor ke mashwaray ke mutabiq theek semen sample dein. Yeh raazdari ka, be-dard aur sab se ahem pehla test hai.
- Mahine bhar baqaida jima karein, sirf aik din nahi. Yeh dinon ginne ki koshish se aasaan aur zyada kaargar hai.
- Har qism ka tambaku chhor dein, sharab kam rakhein, aur nasheelay cheezon aur bodybuilding ya "taqat" ki cheezon se bachein. Yeh sperm ka maiyar kam kar sakti hain, aur aurat ke liye bachay ko nuqsan pohancha sakti hain.
- Wazan theek rakhein, neend poori karein, aur chusti rakhein. Yeh dono saathiyon ke liye madadgaar hai.
- Koshish ke dauran der tak garam paani ke tub se bachein, aur phone ya laptop godh mein na rakhein. Garmi kuch waqt ke liye sperm banne ko kam kar sakti hai.
- Jari booti, hakeem, rohani ya injection ke ilaaj na karwayein kisi counter ya clinic se jis ne aap ka muaina na kiya ho. Yeh be-saboot hain, mehenge ho sakte hain, aur sahi ilaaj mein deri kar sakte hain. Taweez tibbi wajah ko nahi badal sakta.
- Aurat ke liye, hamal se pehle apne doctor ke mashwaray ke mutabiq folic acid shuru karein, aur mahwari, thyroid aur shakkar ke bare mein doctor ko dikhayein.
- Urologist ko dikhayein agar semen ka result ghair-mamooli ho, scrotum mein gaanth ya soojan ho, ya erection ya ejaculation ki mushkil ho.
Aam sawalaat
Doctor ko dikhane se pehle kitna intezar karna chahiye?
Aam tor par baqaida jima ke saath taqreeban aik saal bina hamal ke. Lekin meherbani karke jaldi jayein agar khatoon ki umar 35 se zyada ho, mahwari be-qaida ya band ho, ya dono mein se kisi ko koi maloom masla, pehla operation ya infection ho.
Agar aurat ke bachay pehle ho chuke hon to kya mard wajah ho sakta hai?
Haan. Mard pehle zarkhez ho sakta hai aur baad mein tabdeeliyan aa sakti hain, maslan infection ya chot se. Semen analysis hi jaanne ka tareeqa hai.
Kya hamesha aurat ka masla hota hai?
Nahi. Bohat se joron mein masla mard mein, ya dono mein hota hai. Isi liye dono ki jaanch honi chahiye.
Kya sperm ki kam tadaad ka matlab hai ke main kabhi baap nahi ban sakta?
Nahi. Sperm ki kam tadaad wale bohat se mard, ilaaj ke saath ya uske baghair, baap bante hain. Kuch ko fertility clinic ki madad chahiye, aur chand mardon ke semen mein sperm nahi hote lekin phir bhi ikhtiyaarat hote hain.
Kya masturbation ya shaadi se pehle jima se sperm kam hota hai?
Nahi. Yeh myths hain aur is se bachay na honay ka masla nahi hota.
Kya operation madad kar sakta hai?
Kuch mardon mein haan. Varicocele ya rukawat ka ilaaj chuninda mardon mein sperm behtar kar sakta hai. Aap ke urologist batayenge ke yeh aap ke liye munasib hai ya nahi.
IVF aur doosre ilaaj kaise hain?
Yeh bohat se joron ki madad kar sakte hain, lekin yeh sahi jaanch ke baad aane chahiye, kyunke pehle koi saada wajah qabil-e-ilaaj ho sakti hai. Meherbani karke dekhein ke jo clinic aap chunein woh dono saathiyon ka muaina kare aur apne akhrajaat aur kamyabi ki sharah imaandari se samjhaye.
Kya fikr aur dabao se bachay nahi hote?
Dabao khwahish, erection aur mahwari ko mutasir kar sakta hai, aur joron par bojh haqeeqi hai. Yeh kam hi poori wajah hota hai, is liye meherbani karke dono ki jaanch hone tak isay wajah na manein.
What this symptom is
Doctors usually speak of a difficulty conceiving when a couple has had regular sex, without contraception, for about a year without a pregnancy. Some couples need to be seen sooner, such as when the woman is older, or when either partner already knows of a problem.
In many families the woman is blamed, and the man is never checked. This is wrong. The man contributes to the problem in a large share of couples, and a simple test can show it. This guide is written for both of you.
Common causes
In the man
- A low sperm count, weak movement of the sperm or abnormal shape. Many causes are behind this, and in some men none is found.
- A varicocele, which is a swelling of the veins around the testicle (see the varicocele guide).
- An undescended testicle in childhood, an injury, or past mumps affecting the testicles (see the undescended testis guide).
- Infection, including infections passed on by sexual contact, or infection of the prostate or the testicle's tube.
- A blockage in the tubes that carry sperm, so that none appears in the semen.
- Hormone problems, or conditions present from birth.
- Erection or ejaculation difficulty, which can stop sperm from reaching the woman (see the erection difficulty guide).
- Lifestyle, including tobacco, heavy alcohol, drugs, obesity, long heat exposure to the testicles, and some medicines or steroid products used for the gym. Please do not use these without a doctor's advice.
- Treatment such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which can affect sperm.
In the woman
- Irregular or absent periods, or eggs not released each month, which can be linked to polycystic ovaries, thyroid or other hormone problems.
- Blocked or damaged tubes, sometimes after infection, past surgery or endometriosis.
- Problems of the womb, such as fibroids or scarring.
- Age. The number and quality of eggs fall with age, which is why an earlier check is advised for older women.
In some couples nothing is found, and this is called unexplained. It does not mean there is no hope.
How it is usually investigated
Both partners are asked about how long they have tried, their periods, their sex life, past illness, operations, medicines and lifestyle. The man is examined, including the scrotum and testicles. Usual tests are:
- A semen analysis, to look at the number of sperm, how they move and their shape (see the semen analysis guide). It needs a proper sample from a laboratory, collected after a few days without sex, and it is often repeated.
- An ultrasound scan of the scrotum, to look for a varicocele or other changes.
- Hormone blood tests for the man, and for the woman, to check ovulation and other causes.
- An ultrasound scan of the womb and ovaries, for the woman.
- A test of the tubes, for the woman, if other tests are normal.
- Tests for infection, if suspected.
- Genetic tests, in some men with very low or absent sperm.
A normal semen result does not remove the need to check the woman, and the reverse is also true. Please attend together if you can, since one result alone does not give the answer.
When to seek urgent help
Difficulty conceiving is rarely an emergency. But please see a doctor the same day, or go to the emergency department, if you have any of these:
- Sudden severe pain in a testicle (see the scrotal pain or swelling guide).
- Severe pain low in the tummy, heavy bleeding, fainting or shoulder-tip pain in a woman who may be pregnant. This can be a pregnancy outside the womb.
- Fever or shaking chills with pain in the pelvis, behind the scrotum, or in the lower tummy.
- A hard lump in a testicle (see the testicular lump guide). This needs a urologist soon, not an emergency visit unless there is severe pain.
- Thoughts of harming yourself, or feeling hopeless. Many couples feel crushed by this, and help is available. Please tell someone you trust straight away.
Without any of these, there is no need to rush to hospital, but please do not wait. If you have tried for about a year, or sooner if the woman is older or either of you has a known problem, arrange a check for both partners.
What to do next
- Go together, if you can. Both partners should be checked, and it saves time and months of waiting.
- Do not blame each other, or let family members do so. Many causes are found in the man, the woman, or both, and many are treatable.
- Man: give a proper semen sample as your doctor advises. It is private, painless and the most important first test.
- Have regular sex through the month, rather than only on one day. This is simpler and more effective than trying to count the days.
- Stop all tobacco, keep alcohol low, and avoid drugs and bodybuilding or 'strength' products. They can lower sperm quality, and for a woman they can harm the baby.
- Keep a healthy weight, sleep, and keep active. This helps both partners.
- Avoid long hot baths, and keep your phone and laptop off your lap, while trying. Heat can lower sperm production for a time.
- Do not use herbal, hakeem, spiritual or injection treatments from a counter or a clinic that has not examined you. They are unproven, can be costly, and can delay the right treatment. A taweez cannot change a medical cause.
- For the woman, start folic acid as your doctor advises before a pregnancy, and see your doctor about periods, thyroid and sugar.
- See a urologist if the semen result is abnormal, if there is a lump or swelling in the scrotum, or if you have erection or ejaculation problems.
Common questions
How long should we wait before seeing a doctor?
Usually about a year of regular sex without a pregnancy. But please go sooner if the woman is over 35, if her periods are irregular or absent, or if either of you has a known problem, past surgery or infection.
Can a man be the cause when the woman has had children before?
Yes. A man can be fertile in the past and have changes later, such as from infection or injury. A semen analysis is the way to know.
Is it always the woman's problem?
No. In many couples the problem is with the man, or with both partners. That is why both should be checked.
Does a low sperm count mean I can never be a father?
No. Many men with a low count still father children, with or without treatment. Some need help from a fertility clinic, and a few men have none in the semen but still have options.
Does masturbation, or sex before marriage, cause low sperm count?
No. These are myths and do not cause infertility.
Can an operation help?
In some men, yes. Treating a varicocele or a blockage may improve sperm in selected men. Your urologist will say whether it suits you.
What about IVF and other treatments?
These can help many couples, but they should come after a proper check, since a simple cause may be treatable first. Please check that any clinic you choose examines both partners and explains its costs and success rates honestly.
Can stress cause infertility?
Stress can affect desire, erections and periods, and the strain on a couple is real. It is rarely the whole reason, so please do not accept it as the cause until both have been checked.